VITAMIN B-12
CYANOCOBALAMIN
 
  • Dosing
    		•
  • Therapeutic Uses
    		•
  • Sources
    		•
  • High-Risk Groups
    		•
  • Deficiency Consequences
    		•
  • Toxicity/Side Effects
    		•
  • Contraindications
    		•
  • Additional Information
    		•
  • Drug Interactions
    		•


    United States Recommended Dietary Allowances
    Men - 2 mcg/day, Women - 2 mcg/day, Pregnant women - 2.2 mcg/day
    Nursing mothers - 2.6 mcg/day, Children - 0.7 - 1.4 mcg/day, Infants - 0.3 - 0.5 mcg/day







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    Therapeutic Uses
    Cyanocobalmin is necessary in the making of nucleic acids, formation and maintenance of the myelin sheath around nerves, maturation of red blood cells, cell reproduction and growth. Needed in carbohydrates, fats and protein metabolism. Necessary for the normal metabloism in all cells especially the gastrointestional tract, bone marrow and nervous system.





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    Sources
    Liver, meats (esp. lean beef, lamb, pork, organ), chicken, seafood, eggs, milk and milk products






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    High-Risk/Increased Need Groups
    Pregnancy, infancy, elderly, alcohol abusers, vegetarians, malabsorption syndromes, hyperthyroidism, parasitic infestation.






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    Deficiency Consequences
    Megaloblastic anemia, spinal cord degeneration, gastrointestional irritation (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, decrease appetite). Motor, sensory and cognitive impairment (disorientation, dementia, confusion, aggitation, numbness). Dizziness and fatigue.






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    Toxicity/Side Effects
    No toxic effects have been reported.







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    Contraindications
    Other than hypersensitivity to cyanocobalamin, none indicated.







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    Additional Information/Precautions
    It is suggested that all B-vitamins be consumed in a ratio to one another or consumed simultaneously, although never proven. It would be prudent to take smaller amounts of B-complex whenever using a large dose of any B-vitamin.






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    Drug Interactions
    None reported.





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    References
    1. Chiropractic Nutritional Reference 1987 Edition, James M. Gerber, DC
    2. Facts and Comparisons Drug Information, Updated Monthly, Loose-leaf drug information service
    3. The Merck Manual 15th Edition, 1987.
    4. Understanding Vitamins and Minerals, by the editors of Prevention Magazine, 1984